Physical restraints

What are physical restraints?

Physical restraints are items used to restrict, restrain or prevent movement of a person. Examples of these include belts, vest restraints and wrist restraints. Special chairs and bed side rails can be used as restraints. Whether or not a particular item is considered a physical restraint depends on the purpose and effect of its use. If an item is used to restrict movement, it is a restraint. The same item may not be considered a restraint if it is used to enable a resident. For example, a bed rail could be used to keep someone from getting out of bed or it could be used to help a resident turn over in bed.

The most common reason given for using restraints is to prevent injuries to people who are at risk of accidental falls. However, according to the "Journal of the American Medical Association," there is no evidence that restraints reduce the risk of falls or injuries.

Should use of physical restraints be limited?

Yes. Although some believe restraints may help prevent some injuries, they often create other serious problems. These problems include chronic constipation, incontinence, pressure sores, emotional problems, isolation, and loss of ability to walk or perform other activities. Residents have been harmed trying to escape from restraints or from improperly applied restraints. The use of restraints can be a humiliating experience for a resident. Restraints are typically seen by residents as the loss of the basic right to move around.

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